Critical Component Wear in Heavy Duty Engines

For the first time, Lakshminarayanan and Nayak bring the tribological aspects of different critical engine components together in one volume, covering key components like the liner, piston, rings, valve, valve train and bearings, with methods to identify and quantify wear.

PART I OVERTURE

1 Wear in the Heavy Duty Engine

• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Engine Life
• 1.3 Wear in Engines
• 1.4 General Wear Model
• 1.5 Wear of Engine Bearings
• 1.6 Wear of Piston Rings and Liners
• 1.7 Wear of Valves and Valve Guides
• 1.8 Reduction in Wear Life of Critical Parts Due to Contaminants in Oil
• 1.9 Oils for New Generation Engines with Longer Drain Intervals
• 1.10 Filters
• 1.11 Types of Wear of Critical Parts in a Highly Loaded Diesel Engine
• References

2 Engine Size and Life

• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Engine Life
• 2.3 Factors on Which Life is Dependent
• 2.4 Friction Force and Power 
• 2.5 Similarity Studies
• 2.6 Archard’s Law of Wear
• 2.7 Wear Life of Engines
• 2.8 Summary
• Appendix 2.A Engine Parameters, Mechanical Efficiency and Life
• Appendix 2.B Hardness and Fatigue Limits of Different Copper–Lead–Tin (Cu–Pb–Sn) Bearings
• Appendix 2.C Hardness and Fatigue Limits of Different Aluminium–Tin (Al–Sn) Bearings
• References

PART II VALVE TRAIN COMPONENTS
3 Inlet Valve Seat Wear in High bmep Diesel Engines

• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Valve Seat Wear
• 3.3 Shear Strain and Wear due to Relative Displacement
• 3.4 Wear Model
• 3.5 Finite Element Analysis
• 3.6 Experiments, Results and Discussions
• 3.7 Summary
• 3.8 Design Rule for Inlet Valve Seat Wear in High bmep Engines
• References

4 Wear of the Cam Follower and Rocker Toe

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Wear of Cam Follower Surfaces
• 4.3 Typical Modes of Wear
• 4.4 Experiments on Cam Follower Wear
• 4.5 Dynamics of the Valve Train System of the Pushrod Type
• 4.6 Wear Model
• 4.7 Parametric Study
• 4.8 Wear of the Cast Iron Rocker Toe
• 4.9 Summary
• References

PART III LINER, PISTON AND PISTON RINGS
5 Liner Wear: Wear of Roughness Peaks in Sparse Contact

• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Surface Texture of Liners and Rings
• 5.3 Wear of Liner Surfaces
• 5.4 Wear Model
• 5.5 Liner Wear Model for Wear of Roughness Peaks in Sparse Contact
• 5.6 Discussions on Wear of Liner Roughness Peaks due to Sparse Contact
• 5.7 Summary
• Appendix 5.A Sample Calculation of the Wear of a Rough Plateau Honed Liner
• References

6 Generalized Boundary Conditions for Designing Diesel Pistons

• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Temperature Distribution and Form of the Piston
• 6.3 Experimental Mapping of Temperature Field in the Piston
• 6.4 Heat Transfer in Pistons
• 6.5 Calculation of Piston Shape
• 6.6 Summary
• References

7 Bore Polishing Wear in Diesel Engine Cylinders

• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Wear Phenomenon for Liner Surfaces
• 7.3 Bore Polishing Mechanism
• 7.4 Wear Model 1
• 7.5 Calculation Methodology and Study of Bore Polishing Wear
• 7.6 Case Study on Bore Polishing Wear in Diesel Engine Cylinders
• 7.7 Summary
• References

8 Abrasive Wear of Piston Grooves in Highly Loaded Diesel Engines

• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Wear Phenomenon in Piston Grooves
• 8.3 Wear Model
• 8.4 Experimental Validation
• 8.5 Estimation of Wear Using Sarkar’s Model
• 8.6 Summary
• References

9 Abrasive Wear of Liners and Piston Rings

• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Wear of Liner and Ring Surfaces
• 9.3 Design Parameters
• 9.4 Study of Abrasive Wear on Off-highway Engines
• 9.5 Winnowing Effect
• 9.6 Scanning Electron Microscopy of Abrasive Wear
• 9.7 Critical Dosage of Sand and Life of Piston–Ring–Liner Assembly
• 9.8 Summary
• References

10 Corrosive Wear

• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Operating Parameters
• 10.3 Corrosive Wear Study on Off-road Application Engines
• 10.4 Wear Related to Coolants in an Engine
• 10.5 Summary
• References

11 Tribological Tests to Simulate Wear on Piston Rings

• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Friction and Wear Tests
• 11.3 Test Procedures Assigned to the High Frequency, Linear Oscillating Test Machine
• 11.4 Load, Friction and Wear Tests
• 11.5 Test Results
• 11.6 Selection of Lubricants
• 11.7 High Performance Bio-lubricants and Tribo-reactive Materials for Clean Automotive Applications
• 11.8 Tribo-Active Materials
• 11.9 EP Tribological Tests
• Acknowledgements
• References

PART IV ENGINE BEARINGS
12 Friction and Wear in Engine Bearings

• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Engine Bearing Materials
• 12.3 Functions of Engine Bearing Layers
• 12.4 Types of Overlays/Coatings in Engine Bearings
• 12.5 Coatings for Engine Bearings
• 12.6 Relevance of Lubrication Regimes in the Study of Bearing Wear
• 12.7 Theoretical Friction and Wear in Bearings
• 12.8 Wear
• 12.9 Mechanisms of Wear
• 12.10 Requirements of Engine Bearing Materials
• 12.11 Characterization Tests for Wear Behaviour of Engine Bearings
• 12.12 Summary
• References

PART V LUBRICATING OILS FOR MODERN ENGINES
13 Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Oils, Emission Strategies and their Effect on Engine Oils

• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 What Drives the Changes in Diesel Engine Oil Specifications?
• 13.3 Engine Oil Requirements
• 13.4 Components of Engine Oil Performance
• 13.5 How Engine Oil Performance Standards are Developed
• 13.6 API Service Classifications
• 13.7 ACEA Specifications
• 13.8 OEM Specifications
• 13.9 Why Some API Service Classifications Become Obsolete
• 13.10 Engine Oil Composition
• 13.11 Specific Engine Oil Additive Chemistry
• 13.12 Maintaining and Changing Engine Oils
• 13.13 Diesel Engine Oil Trends
• 13.14 Engine Design Technologies and Strategies Used to Control Emissions
• 13.15 Impact of Emission Strategies on Engine Oils
• 13.16 How Have Engine Oils Changed to Cope with the Demands of Low Emissions?
• 13.17 Most Prevalent API Specifications Found In Use
• 13.18 Paradigm Shift in Engine Oil Technology
• 13.19 Future Engine Oil Developments
• 13.20 Summary
• References

PART VI FUEL INJECTION EQUIPMENT
14 Wear of Fuel Injection Equipment

• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2 Wear due to Diesel Fuel Quality
• 14.3 Wear due to Abrasive Dust in Fuel
• 14.4 Wear due to Water in Fuel
• 14.5 Summary
• References

PART VII HEAVY FUEL ENGINES
15 Wear with Heavy Fuel Oil Operation

• 15.1 Introduction
• 15.2 Fuel Treatment: Filtration and Homogenization
• 15.3 Water and Chlorine
• 15.4 Viscosity, Carbon Residue and Dust
• 15.5 Deposit Build Up on Top Land and Anti-polishing Ring for Reducing the Wear of Liner, Rings and Piston
• 15.6 High Sulfur in Fuel
• 15.7 Low Sulfur in Fuel
• 15.8 Catalyst Fines
• 15.9 High Temperature Corrosion
• 15.10 Wear Specific to Four-stroke HFO Engines
• 15.11 New Engines Compliant to Maritime Emission Standards
• 15.12 Wear Life of an HFO Engine
• 15.13 Summary
• References

PART VIII FILTERS
16 Air and Oil Filtration and Its Impact on Oil Life and Engine Wear Life

• 16.1 Introduction
• 16.2 Mechanisms of Filtration
• 16.3 Classification of Filtration
• 16.4 Filter Rating
• 16.5 Filter Selection
• 16.6 Introduction to Different Filters in the Engine
• 16.7 Oil Filters and Impact on Oil and Engine Life
• 16.8 Engine Wear
• 16.9 Full Flow Oil Filters
• 16.10 Summary
• Appendix 16.A Filter Tests and Test Standards
• References

Index

The critical parts of a heavy duty engine are theoretically designed for infinite life without mechanical fatigue failure. Yet the life of an engine is in reality determined by wear of the critical parts. Even if an engine is designed and built to have normal wear life, abnormal wear takes place either due to special working conditions or increased loading. Understanding abnormal and normal wear enables the engineer to control the external conditions leading to premature wear, or to design the critical parts that have longer wear life and hence lower costs. The literature on wear phenomenon related to engines is scattered in numerous periodicals and books.

Critical Component Wear in Heavy Duty Engines is aimed at postgraduates in automotive engineering, engine design, tribology, combustion and practitioners involved in engine R&D for applications such as commercial vehicles, cars, stationary engines (for generators, pumps, etc.), boats and ships. This book is also a key reference for senior undergraduates looking to move onto advanced study in the above topics, consultants and product mangers in industry, as well as engineers involved in design of furnaces, gas turbines, and rocket combustion.

Companion website for the book: http://www.wiley.com/go/lakshmi.

Key Features

• The first book to combine solutions to critical component wear in one volume.
• Presents real world case studies with suitable mathematical models for earth movers, power generators, and sea going vessels.
• Includes material from researchers at Schaeffer Manufacturing (USA), Tekniker (Spain), Fuchs (Germany), BAM (Germany), Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd (India) and Tarabusi (Spain).
• Wear simulations and calculations included in the appendices.
• Instructor presentations slides with book figures available from the companion site.

Book Details 
 

• Hardcover: 352 pages
• Publisher: Wiley; 1 edition (2012)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 047082882X
• ISBN-13: 978-0470828823
• Product Dimensions: 9.9 x 6.8 x 1 inches

List Price: $150.00 

 

Tags: Mechanical Engineering, Wiley