Starting from fundamentals and moving through a thorough discussion of equipment, methods, and techniques, the Handbook of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy provides a unique reference source that will be of value for many years to come for this important new analysis method. The authors, with a total of over 60 years of experience in the LIBS method, use a combination of tutorial discussions ranging from basic principles up to more advanced descriptions along with extensive figures and photographs to clearly explain topics addressed in the text. In this second edition, chapters on the use of statistical analysis and advances in detection of weapons of mass destruction have been added. Tables of data related to analysis with LIBS have been updated.
Key Features
- provides a thorough but understandable discussion of the basic principles of the method based on atomic emission spectroscopy, including recently available data leading to better characterization of the LIBS plasma;
- presents a discussion of the many advantages of the method along with limitations, to provide the reader a balanced overview of capabilities of the method;
- describes LIBS instrumentation ranging from basic set-ups to more advanced configurations;
- presents a comprehensive discussion of the different types of components (laser, spectrometers, detectors) that can be used for LIBS apparatuses along with suggestions for their use, as well as an up-to-date treatment of the newest advances and capabilities of LIBS instruments;
- presents the analytical capabilities of the method in terms of detection limits, accuracy, and precision of measurements for a variety of different sample types;
- discusses methods of sampling different media such as gases, liquids, and solids;
- presents an overview of some real-world applications of the method, with new emphasis on sampling of biologically and physically dangerous materials;
- provides an up-to-date list of references to LIBS literature along with the latest detection limits and a unique list of element detection limits using a uniform analysis method;
- provides annotated examples of LIBS spectra which can serve as references for the general reader and will be especially useful for those starting out in the field.
Contents
- Acronyms, Constants, and Symbols
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Atomic Optical Emission Spectrochemistry (OES)
- 1.2 Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
- 1.3 LIBS History 1960–1980
- 1.4 LIBS History 1981–1990
- 1.5 LIBS History 1991–2000
- 1.6 LIBS History 2001–2012
- 2 Basics of the LIBS Plasma
- 2.1 LIBS Plasma Fundamentals
- 2.2 Laser-Induced Breakdown
- 2.3 Laser Ablation from Surfaces and Aerosols
- 2.4 Nanosecond and Femtosecond Double- or Multiple-Pulse LIBS
- 2.5 Summary
- 2.6 Problems
- 3 LIBS Apparatus Fundamentals
- 3.1 Basic LIBS Apparatus
- 3.2 Lasers
- 3.3 Optical Systems
- 3.4 Methods of Spectral Resolution
- 3.5 Detectors
- 3.6 Detection System Calibrations
- 3.7 Timing Considerations
- 3.8 Methods of LIBS Deployment
- 3.9 Problems
- 4 LIBS Analytical Figures of Merit and Calibration
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Basics of a LIBS Measurement
- 4.3 Precision
- 4.4 Calibration
- 4.5 Detection Limit
- 4.6 Accuracy
- 4.7 Problems
- 5 Qualitative LIBS Analysis
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Identifying Elements
- 5.3 Material Identification
- 5.4 Process Monitoring
- 5.5 Material Sorting/Distinguishing
- 5.6 Site Screening Using LIBS
- 5.7 Semiquantitative Analysis
- 5.8 Problems
- 6 Quantitative LIBS Analysis
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Effects of Sampling Geometry
- 6.3 Other Sampling Considerations
- 6.4 Incomplete Vaporization and Ablation Stoichiometry
- 6.5 Use of Internal Standardization
- 6.6 Chemical Matrix Effects
- 6.7 Example of LIBS Measurement: Impurities in Lithium-Containing Solutions
- 6.8 Example of LIBS Measurement: Detection of Materials on Swipes
- 6.9 Reported Figures of Merit for LIBS Measurements and Comparison with Standard Methods
- 6.10 Enhancing Quantitative Analysis via Sophisticated Signal Processing
- 6.11 Conclusions
- 7 Chemometric Analysis in LIBS
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Chemometric Terms
- 7.3 Chemometric Analysis/Model Development
- 7.4 Summary
- 8 Remote LIBS Measurements
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Conventional Open-Path LIBS
- 8.3 Standoff LIBS Using Femtosecond Pulses
- 8.4 Fiber Optic LIBS
- 9 Selected LIBS Applications
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 LIBS and the CBRNE Threats
- 9.3 LIBS Analysis of Liquids and Solids in Liquids
- 9.4 Transportable LIBS Instrument for Stand-off Analysis
- 9.5 LIBS for Space Applications
Appendices
- A Safety Considerations in LIBS
- B Major LIBS References
- C Detection Limits from the Literature
- D Examples of LIBS Spectra
- E Solutions to Problems
- Index
Book Details
- Hardcover: 426 pages
- Publisher: Wiley; 2 edition (May 13, 2013)
- Language: English
- ISBN-10: 1119971128
- ISBN-13: 978-1119971122
- Product Dimensions: 6.9 x 1 x 9.9 inches
- List price: US $149.95